Heating unit for combustion chambers



Nov. 10, 1936. I R. F. VAN SEGGERN ,5

HEATING UNIT FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS- 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 25, 1935 Imnentor 5% F Vn Sygerw (Ittornegs.

NOV. 10, 1936. VAN SEGGERN 2,060,599

HEATING UNIT FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS 4 Shets-Sheet 2 Filed March 25, 1933 (lttomgs'.

' Nov. 10, 1936.

R. F. VAN SEGGERN Q, 9 HEATING UNIT FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS I Filed March 23, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 10, 1936. R, VAN SEGGERN 2,060,599 1 HEATING-UNIT FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Filed March 25, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 W I ZSnnentor 10 vmvse g gern/ M 1' Patented Nov. 10, 1936 2,060,599

UNITED STATES PATET OFFEQE HEATING UNIT FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Ray F. Van Seggern, New Brunswick, N. J. Application March 23, 1933, Serial No. 662,403 16 Claims. (Cl. 122-210) The present invention relates to improvements erated in the boiler may pass up through the in heating unit for combustion chambers, and riser IE to the radiators of the building or to more particularly relates to a water heater consome other destination. structed and adapted for placement in the fire The oil burner for heating the boiler is introbox of a steam boiler. duced at the point indicated at IE5 though the 5 It is an object of the invention to provide an boiler may be fired by other means if desired. improved water heating unit having numerous The fire door is indicated at H. water circulating pipes of small diameter yield- The improved heating unit may be introduced ing a large surface area to the products of comin sections through the fire door ll, and assem- 0 bustion whereby the water may be rapidly and bled within the combustion chamber. The unit instantaneously heated and flashed into steam. preferably is adapted to rest freely upon the Another object of the invention is to provide brick work i i. No modification of the convenan improved heating unit of a simple and comtional furnace or boiler is in any way required. pact construction, economically manufactured The improved heating unit in that form thereand of a form suitable for introduction in secof illustrated in the figures of the drawings is 15 tions into existing forms of furnaces without reconstructed of two lower headers A and B and quiring the disassembling of any part of the furof an upper central header 0, thus giving to the nace wall, such units of the improved device beunit a form generally triangular as may be seen ing easily and readily assembled in the fire box in Figure 3. Between the headers are groups of to constitute a heater of extremely high effipipes of small diameter through which the water ciency. may be circulated, these pipes having a peculiar The invention also consists in certain new conarrangement as hereinafter more fully described. structions involving the formation of the head- The headers are built up substantially alike, and ers, of the arrangement of the water pipes and as shown in Figures 2, 5, 6, and 7, such headers of the delivery pipe for delivering the Water and are composed of a plurality of tubular sections 25 steam into the steam dome of the boiler. lB. These pipes or sections are formed with en- With the foregoing and other objects in View, larged ends l9. As shown in Figure 7, the ends the invention will be more fully described hereof adjacent sections iii are brought together in inafter, and will be more particularly pointed abutting relation and form a push nipple asout in the claims appended hereto. sembly with a ring 263, which ring has a rounded 30 In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to outer surface upon which the rounded inner walls like or corresponding parts throughout the sev- 2| may be forced. Pipe joint compound or other eral views, similar leak proofing material, indicated at 22, is Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective view of placed between the ends is and between the ring a boiler showing the improved heating unit in the 20 and the surfaces 21. 35 combustion chamber thereof. The act of forcing the end portions 19 of the Figure 2 is a central vertical section taken lontwo sections in opposite directions on the ring 20 gitudinally through a portion of the boiler and will cause the compound material to come together through the" improved heating unit. at the base of the joint between the two heads I9 Figure 3 is an enlarged end view of the heatand flow out between such heads and thereby d ing unit removed from the boiler. form an effective seal. The two heads l9 will be Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on an enurged firmly into engagement with the ring 20 larged scale on the line 44 in Figure 3. and make a very tight and effective union. These Figure 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 in heads or end portions 69 are provided with bev- Figure 4. eled portions, as clearly shown in Figure 7, where- 45 Figure 6 is an end view of Figure 5, and by an extra amount of pipe compound may be Figure '7 is an enlarged fragmentary section received between two adjacent end portions to through one of the push nipple asemblies. seal the same and assure a water tight joint.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, The headers may be composed of any desired 5 I8 designates generally a heating boiler of any number of the sections E8 in accordance with the conventional type having a customary brick work size of heating unit desired. All of these sec- II in the combustion chamber thereof; the vertions are firmly bound together, as shown in Fi tical fiue passage l2 at the back of the combusure 2, by a threaded rod 23 passing axially in tion chamber; horizontal fiue passages I3; and common through the sections and having the ends the steam dome M from which the steam genthereof threadedinto end caps 24 and elbows 55 2 25. The cap 24 is provided with a number of bosses or raised surfaces to take a wrench. This end cap and elbow encloses the ends of the headers. The rear elbow 25 of the upper header forms a connection for the steam and hot water pipe 26. This steam and hot water rises through the back vertical flue l2, passes along in a pipe 21 through horizontal flue l3 and out the front cleanout door of the boiler, thence upwardly, as indicated at 28, and again entering the boiler at the steam dome extending inwardly, and terminating within the steam dome.

Such pipe has a horizontal discharge end portion 29 in the steam dome having its open end disposed remote from the riser or risers. The saturated steam is thus kept from ascending through the riser l5, which would cause trouble in the heating plant.

The discharge end of pipe 29 is split or cut away as to its lower half portion throughout a part of the length of such pipe in the delivery end. Such removed portion is indicated at 3B. This leaves only the upper half section. The removed part permits the separation of the water while the steam passes along under the unremoved portion of the pipe and is not liberated until such steam passes off beyond such unremoved upper portion of the pipe. In this way the water and steam are separated, the water being allowed to drop down returning to the boiler water in the sections of boiler lil.

Between the various headers are groups of pipes of small diameter. These groups are secured into the flat walls 3| of the header section 8. These pipes or tubes 32 are not threaded themselves, but the ends thereof are swaged outwardly, as indicated at 33, such swaged ends being seated upon bosses 34 of the header section. Such bosses are within internally threaded sockets 35 adapted to receive the externally threaded bushings 36 which surround the tubes 32 and press the swaged ends 33 of the tubes against the seats 34.

It is to be noted that the bushings 35 have male rather than female threads and that the bushings have castellated heads 31 whereby a spanner wrench may engage over or about the pipes 32 for getting at the bushings to tighten same. The arrangement allows the bushings to be received into the threaded socket 35 in the header sections whereby the bushing is for a considerable part within the protection of the heavy metal section of the water containing headers. Consequently, the entire bushing is not directly exposed to the intense heat of the products of combustion. Furthermore, expansion of the bushing when heated results in a tighter joint between the bushing and header and the tube secured in position by the bushing. For this reason, the construction overcomes any possibility for leakage to occur even when the bushings are subjected to very intense heat.

As shown in Figure 4, ten of the small pipes 32 are adapted to be connected into a header section l8. Each header section E8 of the upper header C receives ten of the pipes. One section will receive these ten pipes at one side thereof, while the adjacent sections H! at opposite sides of the first mentioned sections receive the pipes 32 upon the opposite side thereof. These pipes extend out from the connected upper header section for a distance almost horizontally, they being curved downwardly and inwardly and caused to follow a substantially diagonal path down to the lower headers A and B. Thus the pipes 32 are divided into groups. In the present case these groups consist of ten pipes, as shown in Figure 4.

One group connects at its upper end upon one side of the header C, passes down diagonally in one direction and joins with a section l8 of the lower header A. The next adjacent group of pipes 32 extends outwardly from the upper header C but in an opposite direction from the first group of pipes and thence extends down diagonally but in an opposite sense from the first group of pipes and crossing the first group of pipes intermediate the diagonal length of the same, whereby such second group of pipes arrives at the other lower header B. In this way the groups of pipes alternate in direction and in connection with the headers A and B.

The arrangement is clearly shown in Figure 1. Certain of the header sections l8 oi the lower headers A and B are without any pipe connections, such header sections alternating with those which receive the pipes 32. The arrangement provides a desired number of groups of numerous pipes of small diameter exposed throughout a large surface area to the flame and products of combustion in the combustion chamber, such products of combustion readily passing up along the diagonal reaches of the pipes and rapidly heating the small cross section thereof with the contained water. Such numerous pipes of small diameter in the arrangement shown enable a flash or quick steaming action to be obtained.

The unit takes on the cooler portions of the boiler water and rapidly injects heated water and steam into the upper section of the boiler, and thus materially increases the circulation in both the boiler and the entire heating system connected to the boiler.

The headers A and B are connected by a pipe 38, and this pipe connects with a water inlet pipe 39, which may be introduced through any of the ash pit walls of the furnace without requiring any alteration of the furnace other than to make an opening through the metal wall, which does not contain water, and permits the passage of the pipe. The unit is not rigidly fastened in the combustion chamber of the boiler but rests on the brick work I l, allowing for free expansion and contraction of the unit.

The shape of the unit is such as to permit the free travel of the flue gases and elements of combustion without causing choking of the flames by the tubes. The construction allows the flue gases to pass over, under, through and around the small copper pipes 32.

While the tubes have been shown in rectangular arrangement they may assume various different shapes and arrangements. Furthermore the heating unit may be made up of a series of four or any other number of headers with the copper tubes connecting these headers. The location of the upper headers may vary in various installations and the shape and form of the numerous types would vary depending upon the boiler itself.

In practice in making installations it has been found preferable in some cases to make the pipe connections to the lower headers through the front of the boiler rather than through the rear thereof. It has also been found that if the pipe connections 38 and 39 are transferred to the front sections of the headers A and B that this rearrangement has certain and distinct advantages over the connection in the rear. One advantage is that it insures a supply of water more direct to the frontsections, which are located in the zone of highest temperature. The incoming water is also caused to flow from the front of the lower headers through the various tubes to the rear of the upper header insuring effective circulation throughout the entire unit. Therefore, while we show in the drawings the pipes 38 and 39 as connected to the rear ends of the headers A and B, such pipe connections may be coupled to either end of the headers A and B as the caps 24 and the elbows to which pipe 38 is connected are interchangeable. The pipe connections to the top or upper header C are also interchangeable. In other words the general assembly is flexible so that the device may be adapted to any type or size of boiler and may be readily assembled within the boiler without dismantling the boiler. Furthermore, in the event it is found that any installation should be made larger or smaller or it is necessary to remove or replace any of the tubes or header sections, thismay be easily and quickly accomplished without removing or discarding other elements of the construction. The flexibility of construction and the adaptability of the unit and the various parts making up the same render the invention of particular value. It is not necessary to keep a large variety of sizes, styles and shapes of parts in stock to enable the dealer to install, repair, or alter the units. The use of standardized parts, suitable for use in a wide variety of sizes and arrangements of heating units, renders it possible to apply units to either new or existing boiler installation with a minimum amount of trouble and expense.

The rods 23 are internal of the sections and therefore surrounded by water, thus eliminating entirely the excessive expansion and contracting which would occur if the rods were not protected by water from the products of combustion.

It will be obvious that various changes in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts could be made which could be used without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not mean to limit the invention to such details, except as particularly pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:-

1. In combination with a boiler having a riser through which a heating medium passes from the boiler, an improved heating unit located in the combustion chamber of the boiler, a hot water and steam pipe leading from said heating unit and entering the dome of the boiler horizontally, said pipe having its delivery end remote from the riser and cut away as to its under portion for an appropriate length to provide for the separation of Water and steam.

2. A unit adapted to be applied to existing boilers which have an outlet for the passage of a heating medium therefrom, which unit serves to increase the absorption of heat from flame and products of combustion passing through the combustion chamber, comprisinga plurality of header sections each capable of being introduced into the combustion chamber through the usual fire door and assembled within the boiler to form a completed header, a plurality of heating tubes connected to said header and means providing communication between the lower portion of the boiler and said heating tubes and a conduit communicating with said completed header connected to the exterior of the boiler at a point spaced from the boiler outlet to provide a path for the flow of water from the lower portion of said boiler through said unit to the upper portion of said boiler.

3. A unit adapted to be applied to existing boilers to increase the absorption of heat from flame and products of combustion passing through the combustion chamber comprising a plurality of groups of elements, each of which groups includes a section of an upper header, a section of a lower header and heating tubes extending between said header sections, said groups of elements being as-. sembled with connecting elements toform a heating unit including a common completed upper header and spaced lower headers and conduits connected to the boiler and extending through unjacketed portions thereof to said headers.

4. A unit adapted to be applied to existingboilers to increase the absorption of heat from flame and products of combustion passing through the combustion chamber comprising a plurality of groups of elements, each of which groups includes a section of an upper header, a section of a lower header and heating tubes extending between said header sections, said groups of elements being assembled with connecting elements to form a heating unit including completed upper and lower headers and spaced oppositely extending tubular means communicating with said upper and lower headers and connected with a portion of the boiler which is not exposed to direct heat from flames and products of combustion to provide a path for the flow of water from the lower portion of said boiler through said unit to the upper portion thereof.

5. In combination with a boiler having a combustion chamber and at least one substantially horizontal flue pass for the flow of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber over the boiler to the stack and having an outlet for the passage of a heating medium from the boiler, a heating unit located in the combustion chamber of the boiler, means for circulating water from the lower portion of said boiler through said heating unit and into the upper portion of the boiler, said means including a conduit extending through said flue pass and out through an unjacketed member to a point in the upper portion of said boiler spaced from said outlet.

6. In combination with a boiler having a combustion chamber and at least one flue pass above the lowermost crown sheet of the boiler for the flow of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber over the boiler to the stack, a heating unit located in the combustion chamber of the boiler, means for circulating water from the lower portion of said boiler through said heating unit and into the upper portion of the boiler, said means including a conduit extending through said flue pass and out through a cleanout door above the lower-most crown sheet of the boiler to the upper portion of the boiler.

7. In combination with a boiler having a combustion chamber and one or more flue passes for the flow of products of combustion from the combustion chamber over the boiler and to the stack and having an outlet for the passage of a heating medium from the boiler, a heating unit serving to increase circulation of the boiler Water located in the combustion chamber comprising a plurality of heating tubes, a portion of which have the lower ends thereof connected to one lower header and others of which have the lower ends thereof connected to another lower header both of which headers are in communication with the lower portion of the boiler, the upper ends of said tubes communicating with a common upper header, and a, conduit extending from said header through at least one of said flue passes and connected to the upper portion of the boiler at a point spaced from the outlet opening.

8. The combination of a boiler having a combustion chamber and one or more flue passes for the flow of products of combustion from the combustion chamber and over the boiler to the stack, and having an outlet for the passage of a heating medium from the boiler and a heating unit serving to increase circulation of the boiler water separably connected to the boiler comprising a plurality of heating tubes located in the combustion chamber and communicating with a header in the upper portion of the combustion chamber, means for supplying boiler water to said tubes and tubular means extending through at least one of said flue passes and providing communication between said header and a point in the upper portion of the boiler spaced from the boiler outlet.

9. In combination with a boiler having an outlet for the passage of a heating medium therefrom, the combustion chamber of which boiler is designed for use with solid fuel but is fired by an oil burner, a supplemental heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber and connected to the boiler to increase the efliciency thereof, said unit comprising lower headers located on each side of the oil burner, a common upper header located above said oil burner, heating tubes extending in opposite directions from said upper header and connected to said lower headers and means communicating with said upper header connected to the exterior of the boiler at a point spaced from the boiler outlet and other means communicating with said lower headers and the lower portion of the boiler to form a path for the circulation of boiler water through said unit.

10. In combination with a boiler having an outlet for the passage of a heating medium therefrom, the combustion chamber of which boiler is designed for use with solid fuel but which is fired by an oil burner, a supplemental heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber and connected to the boiler to increase the efficiency thereof, said heating unit comprising a header located in the combustion chamber, a plurality of heating tubes connected to said header, and means connected to said header extending through an unjacketed portion of the boiler and connected to the exterior thereof at a point spaced from the boiler outlet and other means also extending through an unjacketed portion of the boiler providing communication between the lower portion of the boiler and said heating tubes to form a path for the circulation of boiler water through said unit.

11. In combination with a boiler the combustion chamber of which is designed for use with solid fuel but which is fired by an oil burner, a supplemental heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber and connected to the boiler to increase the efficiency thereof, said heating unit comprising a plurality of groups of elements each of which groups includes a section of an upper header, a section of a lower header and heating tubes extending between said header sections, said groups of elements being assembled with connecting elements to form a heating unit including completed upper and lower headers and means connected to said upper and lower headers and extending through unjacketed portions of the boiler to the exterior thereof to form a path for the circulation of boiler water through said unit.

12. A heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber of a boiler comprising a plurality of groups of elements each embodying two header sections and one or more heating tubes communicating with said sections, said groups being assembled with one header section of each group forming a portion of a common header and with the other header section of each group assembled with connecting elements and forming a portion of one of a plurality of other headers, and means providing communication between all of said headers and the boiler for effecting circulation of boiler water through said unit.

13. A heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber of a boiler comprising a plurality of groups of elements each embodying an upper header section, a lower header section and one or more heating tubes communicating with said sections, said groups being assembled with the upper header section of each group forming a portion of a single upper header and with the heating tubes of others of said groups extending from the upper header at an angle to the heating tubes of others of said groups, the lower header sections being assembled with connecting elements to form spaced lower headers, and means providing communication between all of said headers and the boiler for efiecting circulation of boiler Water through said unit.

14. A heating unit adapted to be located in the combustion chamber of the boiler comprising a plurality of groups of elements each embodying an upper header section, a lower header section and one or more heating tubes communicating with said sections, said groups being assembled with the upper header sections of each group connected to form a single upper header and with the heating tubes of adjacent groups extending in opposite directions from the upper header, the lower header sections of said groups being assembled with connecting elements to form spaced lower headers, and means providing communication between all of said headers and the boiler for eifecting circulation of boiler water through said unit.

15. In combination with a boiler having downwardly extending water legs, an ash pit located below the bottom of the water legs and a combustion space extending above the bottom of the water legs, an oil burner discharging flame and products of combustion into the ash pit from which they pass through said combustion space, a supplemental heating device through which boiler water is circulated having a hollow water receiving body located in the combustion space above the bottom of the water legs and extending transversely of the path of flow of flame and products of combustion through the combustion space and connections for completing a circuit for the flow of boiler water through said device including a conduit connected to the exterior of the boiler near the bottom of said water legs and passing into the ash pit and below the bottom of the water legs to the lower portion of said supplemental heating device and another conduit passing from the upper portion of the supplemental heating device through an unjacketed portion of the boiler above the bottom of the water legs and connected to the upper portion of the boiler.

16. In combination with a boiler having a combustion space and water legs extending downnections between the device and boiler completing a circuit for the circulation of boiler water therethrough including a conduit extending from the exterior of the lower portion of said water legs and passing through an unjacketed portion of the boiler below the water legs to the lower portion of said device and another conduit extending from the upper portion of the device through an unjacketed portion of the boiler above the bottom of the water the upper portion of the boiler.

RAY F. VAN SEGGERN.

legs and connected to 10 

